金屬表面處理：利用現代物理化學、金屬學和熱處理等學科的邊緣性新技術來改變金屬表面的狀況和性質，使之與材料作優化組合，以達到預定性能要求的工藝方法，稱為金屬表面處理。模(mo)具的表面(mian)處理技術(shu)，是通過表面(mian)涂覆、表面(mian)改性(xing)或復合處理技術(shu)，改變模(mo)具表面(mian)的形態、化(hua)學成分、組織結構和(he)應(ying)力狀態，以獲(huo)得所需表面(mian)性(xing)能的系統工程。

金屬表面處理(li)性(xing)(xing)能指(zhi)：耐磨損性(xing)(xing)能、耐腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)能、摩擦系數、疲勞性(xing)(xing)能等。常用的處理(li)工藝種(zhong)類(lei)有(you)鍍(du)鋅、鍍(du)錫、鍍(du)銅(tong)、鍍(du)鎳、鍍(du)鉻(ge)、發黑、磷(lin)化(hua)、噴涂、拋光。

鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅是(shi)指在(zai)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)、合(he)金(jin)或(huo)者其它材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)鋅以(yi)(yi)(yi)起美(mei)觀、防(fang)(fang)銹等作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)處理(li)技術。鋼鐵零(ling)件上(shang)(shang)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅主要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕。鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)錫：洗的(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕產物對人類無害，且易于(yu)(yu)釬焊，鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)錫廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)食品罐(guan)頭包裝制(zhi)(zhi)品、飲(yin)具(ju)、餐具(ju)及電子工(gong)(gong)業中很多需要(yao)釬焊的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件； 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)銅：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)銅常作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)其它鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)中間層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)高(gao)表面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)基體(ti)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)結合(he)力(li)(li)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)面(mian)(mian)很廣，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)護(hu)裝飾(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)功能(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩方面(mian)(mian)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻：鉻在(zai)大氣中能(neng)(neng)長(chang)久(jiu)保持光(guang)(guang)(guang)澤(ze)，在(zai)堿液、硝酸、硫酸及許多有機酸中不(bu)發(fa)生反(fan)應(ying)，鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)有很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)硬度和(he)優良的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及較低的(de)(de)(de)摩擦系數，故(gu)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)護(hu)裝飾(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，防(fang)(fang)止基體(ti)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)生銹和(he)美(mei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)外觀，也(ye)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)提(ti)高(gao)制(zhi)(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)修復磨損； 發(fa)黑：鋼制(zhi)(zhi)件的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)發(fa)黑處理(li)，也(ye)有被稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)發(fa)藍的(de)(de)(de)。其原理(li)是(shi)將鋼鐵制(zhi)(zhi)品表面(mian)(mian)迅速氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua),使(shi)之(zhi)形成致密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜保護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，提(ti)高(gao)鋼件的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)銹能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)； 磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)：是(shi)一(yi)種化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)與電化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)形成磷酸鹽(yan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜的(de)(de)(de)過程，所形成的(de)(de)(de)磷酸鹽(yan)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜。磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)是(shi)：給基體(ti)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)提(ti)供保護(hu)，在(zai)一(yi)定程度上(shang)(shang)防(fang)(fang)止金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)被腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕；用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)涂漆(qi)前打底，提(ti)高(gao)漆(qi)膜層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)附著力(li)(li)與防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)；在(zai)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)冷加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝中起減摩潤滑使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)； 噴涂：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓力(li)(li)或(huo)靜電力(li)(li)將油(you)漆(qi)或(huo)粉(fen)末附著在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件表面(mian)(mian)，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件有防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)和(he)外觀裝飾(shi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)； 拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)柔性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)和(he)磨料(liao)顆粒或(huo)其他(ta)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)介質對工(gong)(gong)件表面(mian)(mian)進行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)修飾(shi)加工(gong)(gong)。拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)尺寸精度或(huo)幾(ji)何形狀精度，而是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)得到光(guang)(guang)(guang)滑表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)鏡面(mian)(mian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)澤(ze)為(wei)(wei)目的(de)(de)(de)，有時(shi)也(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)消除光(guang)(guang)(guang)澤(ze)。